|
History and
Social Activities
We would like to thank
Jiri Strouhal, Ph.D.,
University of Economics, Prague for the following information.
Local information - Prague
Prague, ancient capital of Charles IV's Bohemian
Kingdom, has played a pivotal role in the development of Central
Europe since the Middle Ages. An epic
history
has made Prague one of the most beautiful cities in the world and
today tourism is a major force.
Prague's city centre comprises four areas,
spanning both banks of the Vltava River. On one side: the Old Town
with the
Old Town Square;
the New Town with
Wenceslas
Square; and, the Jewish Quarter. On
the other side: the Lesser Quarter which leads up to
Prague Castle.
The main areas close to the city centre are:
Hradčany (at the rear of Prague Castle), Vinohrady, Žižkov, Smíchov,
Karlín and
Vyšehrad.
Prague Castle
is the premier Prague tourist attraction. Located on a hill, it offers
fine views over the city. There are also excellent views from the
following sights and attractions:
Old Town Hall
Tower,
Old Town Bridge
Tower, Lesser Town Bridge Tower,
Petřín
Observation Tower,
Jindřišská
Tower and
Vyšehrad.
Prague tourist guide books often use English names for famous sights.
This can be confusing as maps and street signs are nearly always in
Czech, a consonant-rich Slavic language, is one of the most difficult
European languages to learn. English speakers find some sounds very
hard to pronounce. The following Czech translations might be useful:
Old Town
= Staré Město
Prague Castle
= Pražský Hrad
Charles Bridge
= Karlův most
National Theatre
= Národní divadlo
Wenceslas Square
= Václavské náměstí
Old Town Square
= Staroměstské náměstí
Lesser Town
= Malá Strana
More about Prague –
here
History of Prague
The history of Prague is an epic story. Its inhabitants have
experienced a declaration of independence, Nazi control, brain washing
communism & capitalist democracy. And that was just the 20th century!
We present a brief history of Prague and the Czech Republic.
Around 870:
Foundation of Prague Castle.
Around 926:
Foundation of St. Vitus Cathedral rotunda in the Prague Castle
grounds.
965:
Prague first reported in the narration of Ibrahim Ibn Jakub, a
merchant.
973:
Foundation of Prague bishopric.
10th century:
Foundation of Vyšehrad on the opposite bank of the Vltava
river.
1085:
Prague becomes the residence of the first Bohemian king Vratislav I.
1172:
Construction of Judita´s Bridge, the 2nd stone bridge in Central
Europe.
Around 1230:
Establishment of the Old Town.
1257:
Foundation of Lesser Town.
1310 - 1346:
John of Luxembourg rules as the king of Bohemia.
Around 1320:
Foundation of Hradcany, the area around Prague Castle.
1338:
Foundation of the Old Town Hall - the importance of the city
increases.
1344:
Prague bishopric upgraded to archbishopric, beginning of St. Vitus,
St. Wenceslas and St. Adalbert Cathedral (finished 1929).
1346-1378:
Charles IV epoch - Prague becomes the capital of the Bohemian Kingdom
and the Holy Roman Empire.
1348:
Foundation of the New Town and Charles University, first
university in Central Europe.
1419-1437:
Attempts of the clergy to reform the church result in the Hussites
revolutionary movement (Jan Hus - the reform preacher and martyr).
1526:
Hapsburg dynasty ascends the Bohemian throne (until 1918).
1583-1611:
Rudolf II becomes the king of Bohemia, and Prague the emperors
residence, centre of social and cultural life.
1618-1620:
Defeat of the Czech nobles´ uprising; Czech language and Czech
national consciousness begin to decline.
1784:
Union of the four hitherto independent Prague urban units (Hradcany,
Lesser Town, Old Town and New Town).
1784-1848:
Period of Czech national revival, beginning of the industrial
revolution, establishment of Czech institutions.
1918:
Proclamation of the independence of Czechoslovakia. Prague becomes the
capital of the new state.
1939-1945:
Occupation by Nazi Germany.
1945:
The Prague uprising, "liberation" of Prague by the Soviet army.
1948:
Seizure of power by KSC after the February putsch.
1968:
Prague Spring - an attempt to reform socialism, intervention of 5
states of the Warsaw Pact.
1989:
Velvet revolution, Vaclav Havel elected President of Czechoslovakia.
1992:
The entire historical centre of Prague - all 866 hectares - was listed
in the UNESCO World Cultural & Natural Heritage Register.
1993:
January 1, Czechoslovakia splits in two and the Czech Republic is
founded.
2004:
May 1, Czech Republic joins the European Union (E.U.).
Public transportation
Prague public transportation is cheap, efficient and highly
integrated, making travel around the city by metro, tram & bus easy.
Prague public transport is also safe.
A single Prague public transport ticket permits travel on all trams,
buses and the metro. Travellers can also transfer between transport
modes.
|
|
Adults |
Children
(6 – 15 yrs) |
|
Single ticket (75 mins) |
26 CZK (1 EUR) |
13 CZK (0,50 EUR) |
|
Single limited transfer ticket
(20 mins tram / 5 metro stations) |
18 CZK (0,70 EUR) |
9 CZK (0,35 EUR) |
|
24 hour ticket |
100 CZK (3,85 EUR) |
50 CZK (1,90 EUR) |
|
3 days ticket |
330 CZK (12,70 EUR) |
1 child free |
|
5 days ticket |
500 CZK (19,20 EUR) |
1 child free |
Ticket validation:
validate your ticket before travel by punching it in the orange
machine, located at the top of the escalators on the metro and inside
trams and buses.
Prague Metro
operates 05:00-midnight. Metro lines run a service every 2-3 minutes
during peak hours and every 10 minutes at other times. All areas of
the city centre are covered and there are three metro lines:
A (green
line), B
(yellow line) and C
(red line).
Prague trams
operate 04:30-midnight. Popular tram lines run every 4 minutes during
peak hours. Other routes run every 8-10 minutes during the week, every
15 minutes at weekends. A nighttime tram service operates 00:30-04:30.
Trams cover most areas of the city and run every 30 minutes.
Most useful tram routes:
No.9 runs across the city via Wenceslas Square and onto Lesser
Town. No.22 run via Lesser Town to the rear of Prague Castle.
The funicular railway climbs Petřín Hill. Take it to
enjoy wonderful views over the whole of Prague. The funicular service
operates April-October 09:00-23:30 and November-March 09:15-22:20.
There is a midway stop, which is ideal for visitors to the wonderful
Nebozízek Restaurant. You can use the same ticket for
travel on trams, buses and the metro.
Travel from Prague Airport into the city by public transportation
Take bus 119 from Prague Airport (Terminal 2 station or Terminal 1
station) to Dejvická metro station (line A).
You can also choose bus 100 to Zličín metro station (line B) or
Airport Express bus to Nádraží Holešovice metro station (line C,
railway).
|